Collaborative Work Management Technologies and Managerial Intensity in U.S. Corporations: An Examination

Do digital technologies reinforce managerial hierarchies or, instead, make them less relevant? The authors propose that the answer to this question depends on the nature of the technology: specifically, its relative impact on managers’ capacity to supervise and on subordinates’ need for supervision. Applying this framework to collaborative work management (CWM) technologies that facilitate real-time collaboration, communication, and task coordination, they predict that the adoption of such technologies should reduce managerial intensity and increase decentralization in organizations. To test this prediction, they use a difference-in-differences design on a novel data set built from over 26 million job listings (Lightcast) and over 20 million social profiles (Revelio) matched to 3,017 U.S. public firms in Compustat, which they track over the period from 2010 to 2019. They find that over the observation window, CWM technology adopters show a 3% reduction in managerial intensity and a 5%–7% increase in nonmanagerial skills linked to decentralization in their job postings in the years following adoption. The pattern of results is robust to a battery of validations, alternative measures, and specifications, and it strongly supports the idea that these technologies enable collaboration and make organizations less hierarchical along the dimensions that they studied.