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Douglas Webber
Emeritus Professor of Political Science
Journal Article
The pre-unification European and foreign policy of the "old" Federal Republic was marked by four principal traits: an emphatically Western orientation, a strong commitment to multilateralism underpinned by close bilateral relations with France and the US, its civilian character, and Euro-centrism. Although it took place in radically different circumstances and under radically different conditions to the first, the second German unification nonetheless gave rise to fears among the political leaders of many other states in Western, Central and Eastern Europe - and among the proponents of some international relations theories - that it would herald sweeping changes in Germany's foreign policy orientation and profoundly destabilise inter-state relations in Europe.